Impact of COVID-19 on nursing work in emergency units / Impacto da COVID-19 no trabalho de enfermagem em unidades de urgência/emergência / Impacto del COVID-19 en el trabajo de enfermería en unidades de urgencia/emergencia

Resumo Objetivo Analisar o impacto da pandemia da Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) no trabalho de enfermagem em unidades de urgência e emergência. Métodos Pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa realizada entre profissionais de enfermagem atuantes em unidades de urgência e emergência no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Dados coletados via online por meio de formulário semiestruturado e submetidos à análise lexicográfica no software Interface de R pour Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes Et de Questionnaires (IRAMUTEQ). Resultados Participaram 31 profissionais de enfermagem. O aproveitamento do corpus textual foi de 94,9% mediante a geração de seis classes de segmentos de textos, que possibilitou identificar que os profissionais que atuam nessas unidades têm vivenciado sobrecarga no desenvolver laboral, dada a carga horária de trabalho exaustiva, bem como a falta de infraestrutura, de equipamentos de proteção e de recursos humanos. Ainda, evidenciaram-se desgastes físicos e mentais, com ênfase para o estresse e a exaustão, além do sentimento de medo pelo receio de contaminação. Conclusão A pandemia da COVID-19 promoveu impactos diretos no trabalho de enfermagem em unidades de urgência e emergência no que tange a aspectos relacionados a recursos humanos e materiais e infraestrutura, além da assistência prestada aos pacientes em condições graves.

Resumen Objetivo Analizar el impacto de la pandemia de Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) en el trabajo de enfermería en unidades de urgencia y emergencia. Métodos Investigación de enfoque cualitativo realizada entre profesionales de enfermería que actúan en unidades de urgencia y emergencia en el estado de Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Datos recopilados en línea a través de formulario semiestructurado y presentados para análisis lexicográfico en el software Interface de R pour Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes Et de Questionnaires (IRAMUTEQ). Resultados Participaron 31 profesionales de enfermería. El aprovechamiento del corpus textual fue del 94,9 % mediante la producción de seis clases de segmentos de textos, lo que posibilitó identificar que los profesionales que actúan en esas unidades han vivido una sobrecarga en el quehacer laboral, considerando la duración de la jornada de trabajo agotadora, como también la ausencia de infraestructura, de equipos de protección y de recursos humanos. Además, se evidenciaron desgastes físicos y mentales, con énfasis en el estrés y el agotamiento, además del sentimiento de miedo por el temor a la contaminación. Conclusión La pandemia de COVID-19 ocasionó impactos directos en el trabajo de enfermería en unidades de urgencia y emergencia en lo que se refiere a aspectos relacionados con recursos humanos y materiales y con la infraestructura, además de la atención brindada a los pacientes en condiciones graves.

Abstract Objective To analyze the impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic (COVID-19) on nursing work in emergency units. Methods A qualitative research conducted among nursing professionals operating in emergency units in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data collected online through a semi-structured form and submitted to lexicographic analysis in the software Interface de R pour Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes Et de Questionnaires (IRAMUTEQ). Results Thirty-one nursing professionals participated. The use of the text corpus accounted for 94.9%, through the generation of six classes of text segments, which made it possible to identify that professionals working in these units have experienced overload in developing work, given the exhausting workload, as well as the lack of infrastructure, protective equipment and human resources. Also, physical and mental exhaustion was evidenced, with emphasis on stress and exhaustion, in addition to the feeling of fear for fear of contamination. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic promoted direct impacts on nursing work in emergency units regarding aspects related to human and material resources and infrastructure, in addition to the care provided to patients in severe conditions.

Covid-19 restrictions: An opportunity to highlight the effect of neighbourhood deprivation on individuals' health-related behaviours.

RATIONALE: Neighbourhood socio-economic deprivation is strongly related to health-risk behaviours, which are predictors of overall health and mortality. During the Covid-19 pandemic, individuals have been forced to spend more time within their residential areas, which might have had an effect on health-risk behaviours. OBJECTIVE: We assess the consequences of living in a more or less deprived neighbourhood during the pandemic on individual behavioural changes in four health-related outcomes: smoking, drinking, physical activity and healthy eating. We hypothesise that the pandemic and related lock-downs had negative effects on health-related behaviours, but that this negative effect had been stronger for people living in more deprived areas. We additionally explore sex and ethnicity as sources of heterogeneity in these effects. METHODS: We use data from four nationally representative cohort studies in England. We perform longitudinal individual and neighbourhood fixed effects estimations focusing on comparing the pre-pandemic period with the first lockdown (May 2020) period and up to one year after the outbreak of the pandemic (March 2021). RESULTS: During the first lockdown, as compared to pre-pandemic levels, on average, people smoked more, drunk more and did more physical activity. However, compared to people in less deprived neighbourhoods, people living in more deprived areas showed a smaller increase in their levels of physical activity, consumed less fruit and vegetables and increased the number of cigarettes smoked. We additionally find that the combined effect of Covid-19 and area deprivation varies significantly by both sex and ethnicity. CONCLUSION: Results add to evidence on the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and associated lockdowns on health-risk behaviours, highlighting the relative contribution of the neighbourhood environment and individual characteristics. We argue that reducing levels of neighbourhood deprivation may contribute to positively influence behaviours, especially for some sub-groups of the population, leading to a reduction of social inequalities in health.

Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Prostate Cancer Investigation and Diagnosis in the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS)

PURPOSE Prostate cancer was the second most deadly type of cancer in males in Brazil in 2019. Therefore, early diagnosis is fundamental to reduce its morbimortality. Diagnosis is essentially confirmed by prostate biopsy. The overload on health systems caused by the coronavirus pandemic has strongly affected the investigation process in Brazilian public healthcare (SUS). Under these circumstances, we aim to expose the effects of COVID-19 in the screening and diagnosis of prostate cancer performed by SUS. METHODS A cross-sectional design of data collected from DATASUS's Hospital Information System. The study analyzes absolute numbers of prostate biopsies and diagnosis of prostate cancer registered between January and July in 10 years (2011-2020) which were comparatively evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed to assess the number of procedures compared over the years. RESULTS The number of prostate biopsies in Brazil, through the Public Health System (SUS), between January 2011 and December 2019, was 393,678 with a yearly average of 43,742 procedures. In 2020, there was a 27.23% decrease, meaning only 31,829 procedures. In agreement with that, a decrease of 49.71%, 33.73%, 37.25% and 40.76% on prostate cancer diagnosis was reported in the months of April, May, June and July, respectively, when comparing 2019 and 2020. The total number of prostate cancer diagnoses also suffered a decrease of 27.32% between the years of 2019 and 2020, going from 41,981 procedures to only 30,511. CONCLUSION The reduction on the number of prostate cancer diagnosis is evident and is going to affect the morbimortality of the patients who haven't had access to the health system during the covid 19 pandemic. It is fundamental to know the amount of damming on those diagnoses to propose measures to prevent the worst outcomes, reducing avoidable deaths.

High genetic diversity of alphacoronaviruses in bat species (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from the Atlantic Forest in Brazil.

Bat coronaviruses (Bat-CoVs) represent around 35% of all virus genomes described in bats. Brazil has one of the highest mammal species diversity, with 181 species of bats described so far. However, few Bat-CoV surveillance programmes were carried out in the country. Thus, our aim was to jevaluate the Bat-CoV diversity in the Atlantic Forest, the second biome with the highest number of bat species in Brazil. We analysed 456 oral and rectal swabs and 22 tissue samples from Atlantic Forest bats, detecting Alphacoronavirus in 44 swab samples (9.6%) targeting the RdRp gene from seven different bat species, three of which have never been described as Bat-CoV hosts. Phylogenetic analysis of the amino acid (aa) sequences coding the RdRp gene grouped the sequences obtained in our study with Bat-CoV previously detected in identical or congeneric bat species, belonging to four subgenera, with high aa identity (over 90%). The RdRp gene was also detected in three tissue samples from Diphylla ecaudata and Sturnira lilium, and the partial S gene was successfully sequenced in five tissues and swab samples of D. ecaudata. The phylogenetic analysis based on the partial S gene obtained here grouped the sequence of D. ecaudata with CoV from Desmodus rotundus previously detected in Peru and Brazil, belonging to the Amalacovirus subgenus, with aa identity ranging from 73.6% to 88.8%. Our data reinforce the wide distribution of Coronaviruses in bats from Brazil and the novelty of three bats species as Bat-CoV hosts and the co-circulation of four Alphacoronavirus subgenera in Brazil.

Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Prostate Cancer Investigation and Diagnosis in the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS)

PURPOSE: Prostate cancer was the second most deadly type of cancer in males in Brazil in 2019. Therefore, early diagnosis is fundamental to reduce its morbimortality. Diagnosis is essentially confirmed by prostate biopsy. The overload on health systems caused by the coronavirus pandemic has strongly affected the investigation process in Brazilian public healthcare (SUS). Under these circumstances, we aim to expose the effects of COVID-19 in the screening and diagnosis of prostate cancer performed by SUS. METHODS: A cross-sectional design of data collected from DATASUS's Hospital Information System. The study analyzes absolute numbers of prostate biopsies and diagnosis of prostate cancer registered between January and July in 10 years (2011-2020) which were comparatively evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed to assess the number of procedures compared over the years. RESULTS: The number of prostate biopsies in Brazil, through the Public Health System (SUS), between January 2011 and December 2019, was 393,678 with a yearly average of 43,742 procedures. In 2020, there was a 27.23% decrease, meaning only 31,829 procedures. In agreement with that, a decrease of 49.71%, 33.73%, 37.25% and 40.76% on prostate cancer diagnosis was reported in the months of April, May, June and July, respectively, when comparing 2019 and 2020. The total number of prostate cancer diagnoses also suffered a decrease of 27.32% between the years of 2019 and 2020, going from 41,981 procedures to only 30,511. CONCLUSION: The reduction on the number of prostate cancer diagnosis is evident and is going to affect the morbimortality of the patients who haven't had access to the health system during the covid 19 pandemic. It is fundamental to know the amount of damming on those diagnoses to propose measures to prevent the worst outcomes, reducing avoidable deaths. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of JCO Global Oncology is the property of American Society of Clinical Oncology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Mindful Self-Care, Self-Compassion, and Resilience Among Palliative Care Providers During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

CONTEXT: Given the adverse impact of COVID-19 on the wellbeing of palliative care providers, there is a growing need to better understand protective variables, such as self-care, mindfulness and self-compassion, as they relate to resilience. OBJECTIVE: To investigate mindful self-care, self-compassion, and resilience as reported by palliative care providers during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Descriptive, cross-sectional survey. An electronic questionnaire captured data from validated instruments measuring each study variable, as well as participant demographics and perceived impacts of COVID-19 on professional quality of life. RESULTS: Positive, statistically significant correlations were found between mindful self-care, self-compassion, and resilience. These variables were also associated with greater satisfaction with professional life and perceived lessened impairment in physical and/or mental health due to a decrease in self-care activities stemming from altered routines during COVID-19. Those with higher resilience had worked in palliative care longer and also reported higher levels of self-compassion and mindful self-care, explaining 50% of variance. Self-compassion, satisfaction with professional life, and changes in self-care routine due to professional activities in the pandemic explained 44.3% of variance in mindful self-care. Self-compassion, female gender, and working as a frontline responder to the COVID-19 pandemic accounted for 35% variance in resilience levels. CONCLUSIONS: Results from this study extend the currently limited knowledge of self-care, mindfulness and self-compassion, as protective variables related to resilience in palliative care providers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further longitudinal studies into causal effects on health and wellbeing over time are needed.

Protease Inhibitors as Promising Weapons against COVID-19: Focus on Repurposing of Drugs used to Treat HIV and HCV Infections.

As a part of the efforts to quickly develop pharmaceutical treatments for COVID-19 through repurposing existing drugs, some researchers around the world have combined the recently released crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro in complex with a covalently bonded inhibitor with virtual screening procedures employing molecular docking approaches. In this context, protease inhibitors (PIs) clinically available and currently used to treat infectious diseases, particularly viral ones, are relevant sources of promising drug candidates to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro, a key viral enzyme involved in crucial events during its life cycle. In the present perspective, we summarized the published studies showing the promising use of HIV and HCV PIs as potential repurposing drugs against the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro.

The path from suspicion to diagnosis of people with Covid-19.

OBJECTIVE: To know the therapeutic itinerary of people diagnosed with Covid-19 from suspicion to the diagnosis. METHOD: Qualitative research. 65 people diagnosed with Covid-19 residing in Rio de Janeiro participated. Data collected using a semi-structured form sent via social media and processed in the software Interface de R pour Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes Et de Questionnaires by Descending Hierarchical Classification and Correspondence Factor Analysis. RESULTS: Three classes of text segments were obtained that revealed the therapeutic itinerary, with emphasis on the search for care; shortage of tests; need to return to the units for diagnosis and follow-up; and the path to confirmatory test. CONCLUSION: The therapeutic itinerary of patients with Covid-19 showed weaknesses in the face of difficulties related to access to diagnostic tests and the organization of the system to meet the population's demand in the face of the pandemic.

The combined effect of Covid-19 and neighbourhood deprivation on two dimensions of subjective well-being: Empirical evidence from England.

OBJECTIVES: The Covid-19 pandemic is hitting societies hard, and people living in disadvantaged circumstances are among the most affected. We investigate the combined effects of the Covid-19 crisis and living in a deprived neighbourhood on two dimensions of subjective well-being: hedonic (i.e. mental health) and evaluative (i.e. life satisfaction) subjective well-being. METHODS: We use longitudinal data from the Understanding Society UK panel. We combine data gathered in the main survey between 2015 and 2019 with very recent data from the Covid-19 online survey between April and July 2020. Leveraging a sample of nearly 9,600 English individuals, we first run a set of cross-sectional OLS regressions to analyse changes over time in the relationship between neighbourhood deprivation and subjective well-being. Then, as our main model of interest, we use a fixed effect difference-in-differences model to provide more robust evidence. RESULTS: Since the beginning of the crisis, both levels of hedonic and evaluative well-being have decreased as a result of the pandemic and lockdown. However, for those living in more deprived neighbourhoods the level of hedonic well-being decreased more than for those living in better areas. We found no such difference for evaluative well-being. CONCLUSION: Our results highlight the importance of reducing neighbourhood inequalities as the spatial clustering of disadvantages has increased by the pandemic.

The therapeutic itinerary of health workers diagnosed with COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the therapeutic itinerary of health workers diagnosed with COVID-19. METHOD: qualitative study conducted with 132 health workers diagnosed with COVID-19. Data were collected using a semi-structured form sent through the social media and processed with the Interface de R pour Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires, according to the Descending Hierarchical Classification. RESULTS: the participants included 116 women and 16 men with 14 different professions within the health field. Five classes of excerpts emerged from the text, revealing the therapeutic itinerary from the onset of symptoms, up to referrals for testing and confirming COVID-19. Additionally, the aspects that facilitated or hindered access to testing in healthcare units were identified, in addition to misinformation and the need for workers to pay for the tests to obtain a diagnosis. CONCLUSION: this study's results show the difficulties health workers experienced to access the tests and related information and the delay in accessing the results and obtaining a sick leave to remain in isolation at home. The health workers who did not get support in terms of management and monitoring from the facilities where they worked adopted an active search.

Best practices in newborn care in COVID-19 times: an integrative review

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify scientific evidence on best practices in newborn care, from the delivery room to the home, in COVID-19 times. Method: an integrative review conducted in April 2020 at National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Scopus, through combinations between the controlled terms "newborn", "coronavirus infections", and "COVID-19". Results: nineteen studies made up the final sample, from which five analytical categories emerged on best practices in newborn care: Pregnant women and puerperal women suspected of having COVID-19;Pregnant and puerperal women with confirmation for COVID-19;Newborns suspected of having COVID-19;Newborns with confirmation for COVID-19;and Horizontal transmission prevention of COVID-19 to newborns. Conclusion: several recommendations were divergent, due to the contemporary pandemic of COVID-19. Therefore, the role of nurses is essential for adherence to best practices, which are proven and recommended nationally and internationally, taking into account the local reality and the constant updating of the theme. Therefore, further research is needed, especially with a strong level of evidence, for formulation of assistance guidelines for this population group that contribute to reducing neonatal morbidity and mortality and healthy and harmonious child development during and post-pandemic. RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar evidencia científica sobre buenas prácticas en el cuidado del recién nacido, desde la sala de partos hasta el hogar, en tiempos de COVID-19. Método: revisión integradora realizada en abril de 2020, en los recursos de información National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) y Scopus, a través de combinaciones entre términos controlados "newborn", "coronavirus infections"y "COVID-19". Resultados: diecinueve estudios constituyeron la muestra final, de la cual surgieron cinco categorías analíticas sobre buenas prácticas en el cuidado del recién nacido: Mujeres embarazadas y puerperales con sospecha de COVID-19;Mujeres embarazadas y puerperales con confirmación de COVID-19;Recién nacido con sospecha de COVID-19;Recién nacido con confirmación de COVID-19;y Prevención de la transmisión horizontal de COVID-19 al recién nacido. Conclusión: varias recomendaciones fueron divergentes, como resultado de la pandemia contemporánea de COVID-19. Por lo tanto, el papel de las enfermeras es esencial para el cumplimiento de las buenas prácticas que se prueban y recomiendan a nivel nacional e internacional, teniendo en cuenta la realidad local y la actualización constante del tema. Por lo tanto, se necesita más investigación, especialmente con un alto nivel de evidencia, para la formulación de pautas de asistencia para este grupo de población que contribuyan a la reducción de la morbilidad y mortalidad neonatal y al desarrollo infantil sano y armonioso durante y después de la pandemia. RESUMO Objetivo: identificar evidências científicas sobre boas práticas no cuidado ao recém-nascido, da sala de parto ao domicílio, em tempos de COVID-19. Método: revisão integrativa realizada em abril de 2020, nos recursos informacionais National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) e Scopus, por meio de combinações entre os termos controlados "newborn", "coronavirus infections"e "COVID-19". Resultados: dezenove estudos compuseram a amostra final, dos quais emergiram cinco categorias analíticas sobre as boas práticas no cuidado ao recém-nascido: gestantes e puérperas com suspeita da COVID-19;gestantes e puérperas com confirmação da COVID-19;recém-nascido com suspeita da COVID-19;recém-nascido com confirmação da COVID-19;e prevenção da transmissão horizontal da COVID-19 ao recém-nascido. Conclusão: diversas recomendações foram divergentes, decorrentes da contemporaneidade da pandemia da COVID-19. Logo, é essencial o papel do enfermeiro para a adesão às boas práticas comprovadas e recomendadas nacionalmente e internacionalmente, levando em consideração a realidade local e a atualização constante na temática. Assim sendo, são necessárias novas pesquisas, especialmente com nível de evidência forte, para a formulação de diretrizes assistenciais a esse grupo populacional que contribuam para a redução da morbimortalidade neonatal e o desenvolvimento infantil saudável e harmonioso durante e pós-pandemia.

Challenges faced by pediatric nursing workers in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic

Objective to identify the challenges pediatric nursing workers face as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method qualitative study, using a semi-structured electronic form applied to nursing workers from pediatric services in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data were submitted to lexicographic analysis using the Interface de R pour Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires, Word Cloud technique, and Similitude Analysis. Results different challenges concerning the COVID-19 pandemic were reported, including the need to promote comprehensive and quality care while being concerned with protecting oneself and others, with an emphasis on fear. A lack of protective equipment, training, diagnostic tests, and knowledge/information concerning the disease was also reported, in addition to a reduced number of nursing workers and a lack of appreciation for the profession. Conclusion managerial guidelines need to be adopted for properly allocating human and material resources in the health field, including the pediatric services, in addition to providing training on standard precautions. Actions to encourage, value, motivate, and support the nursing staff are needed during and after the pandemic to protect the physical and mental health of these professionals. Objetivo identificar los retos a los que se enfrentan los trabajadores de enfermería pediátrica como resultado de la pandemia de COVID-19. Método estudio cualitativo, utilizando un formulario electrónico semiestructurado aplicado a trabajadores de enfermería de servicios pediátricos en el estado de Río de Janeiro, Brasil. Los datos fueron sometidos al análisis lexicográfico utilizando la Interface de R pour Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaire, la técnica de Word Cloud y el Análisis de Similitud. Resultados se informaron diferentes retos relacionados con la pandemia de COVID-19, incluida la necesidad de promover una atención integral y de calidad mientras preocupándose por protegerse a sí mismo y a los demás, con énfasis en el miedo. También se informó de la falta de equipo de protección, capacitación, pruebas diagnósticas e información sobre la enfermedad, además de un número reducido de trabajadores de enfermería y una falta de apreciación por la profesión. Conclusión se deben adoptar directrices gerenciales para asignar adecuadamente los recursos humanos y materiales en el campo de la salud, incluidos los servicios pediátricos, además de proveer capacitación sobre las precauciones estándar. Se necesitan acciones para alentar, valorar, motivar y apoyar al personal de enfermería durante y después de la pandemia para proteger la salud física y mental de estos profesionales. Objetivo identificar os desafios de profissionais de Enfermagem Pediátrica frente à pandemia da COVID-19. Método pesquisa qualitativa, desenvolvida por meio de formulário eletrônico semiestruturado entre profissionais de Enfermagem que atuam em unidades pediátricas no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Os dados foram submetidos à análise lexicográfica, com o auxílio do software Interface de R pour Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires, pelo método de Nuvem de Palavras e Análise de Similitude. Resultados distintos desafios referentes à pandemia da COVID-19 foram relatados, dentre eles, a promoção de uma assistência integral e de qualidade frente à preocupação quanto à proteção de si e do outro, com destaque para o sentimento de medo. A falta de equipamentos de proteção individual, treinamentos, testes diagnósticos e conhecimentos/informações relacionados à doença, o número reduzido de profissionais de Enfermagem e a desvalorização da categoria também foram sinalizados. Conclusão é primordial a adoção de diretrizes gerenciais para a adequada alocação de recursos humanos e materiais na área da saúde, inclusive, nos serviços pediátricos, incluindo treinamentos sobre as precauções-padrão. Além disso, são essenciais ações de incentivo, valorização, motivação e apoio à equipe de Enfermagem, durante e após a pandemia, para proteger a saúde física e mental desses profissionais.

Best practices in newborn care in COVID-19 times: an integrative review / Buenas prácticas en el cuidado del recién nacido en COVID-19 times: revisión integrativa / Boas práticas no cuidado ao recém-nascido em tempos de COVID-19: revisão integrativa

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify scientific evidence on best practices in newborn care, from the delivery room to the home, in COVID-19 times. Method: an integrative review conducted in April 2020 at National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Scopus, through combinations between the controlled terms "newborn", "coronavirus infections", and "COVID-19". Results: nineteen studies made up the final sample, from which five analytical categories emerged on best practices in newborn care: Pregnant women and puerperal women suspected of having COVID-19; Pregnant and puerperal women with confirmation for COVID-19; Newborns suspected of having COVID-19; Newborns with confirmation for COVID-19; and Horizontal transmission prevention of COVID-19 to newborns. Conclusion: several recommendations were divergent, due to the contemporary pandemic of COVID-19. Therefore, the role of nurses is essential for adherence to best practices, which are proven and recommended nationally and internationally, taking into account the local reality and the constant updating of the theme. Therefore, further research is needed, especially with a strong level of evidence, for formulation of assistance guidelines for this population group that contribute to reducing neonatal morbidity and mortality and healthy and harmonious child development during and post-pandemic.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar evidencia científica sobre buenas prácticas en el cuidado del recién nacido, desde la sala de partos hasta el hogar, en tiempos de COVID-19. Método: revisión integradora realizada en abril de 2020, en los recursos de información National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) y Scopus, a través de combinaciones entre términos controlados "newborn", "coronavirus infections" y "COVID-19". Resultados: diecinueve estudios constituyeron la muestra final, de la cual surgieron cinco categorías analíticas sobre buenas prácticas en el cuidado del recién nacido: Mujeres embarazadas y puerperales con sospecha de COVID-19; Mujeres embarazadas y puerperales con confirmación de COVID-19; Recién nacido con sospecha de COVID-19; Recién nacido con confirmación de COVID-19; y Prevención de la transmisión horizontal de COVID-19 al recién nacido. Conclusión: varias recomendaciones fueron divergentes, como resultado de la pandemia contemporánea de COVID-19. Por lo tanto, el papel de las enfermeras es esencial para el cumplimiento de las buenas prácticas que se prueban y recomiendan a nivel nacional e internacional, teniendo en cuenta la realidad local y la actualización constante del tema. Por lo tanto, se necesita más investigación, especialmente con un alto nivel de evidencia, para la formulación de pautas de asistencia para este grupo de población que contribuyan a la reducción de la morbilidad y mortalidad neonatal y al desarrollo infantil sano y armonioso durante y después de la pandemia.

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar evidências científicas sobre boas práticas no cuidado ao recém-nascido, da sala de parto ao domicílio, em tempos de COVID-19. Método: revisão integrativa realizada em abril de 2020, nos recursos informacionais National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) e Scopus, por meio de combinações entre os termos controlados "newborn", "coronavirus infections" e "COVID-19". Resultados: dezenove estudos compuseram a amostra final, dos quais emergiram cinco categorias analíticas sobre as boas práticas no cuidado ao recém-nascido: gestantes e puérperas com suspeita da COVID-19; gestantes e puérperas com confirmação da COVID-19; recém-nascido com suspeita da COVID-19; recém-nascido com confirmação da COVID-19; e prevenção da transmissão horizontal da COVID-19 ao recém-nascido. Conclusão: diversas recomendações foram divergentes, decorrentes da contemporaneidade da pandemia da COVID-19. Logo, é essencial o papel do enfermeiro para a adesão às boas práticas comprovadas e recomendadas nacionalmente e internacionalmente, levando em consideração a realidade local e a atualização constante na temática. Assim sendo, são necessárias novas pesquisas, especialmente com nível de evidência forte, para a formulação de diretrizes assistenciais a esse grupo populacional que contribuam para a redução da morbimortalidade neonatal e o desenvolvimento infantil saudável e harmonioso durante e pós-pandemia.

Challenges faced by pediatric nursing workers in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: to identify the challenges pediatric nursing workers face as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: qualitative study, using a semi-structured electronic form applied to nursing workers from pediatric services in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data were submitted to lexicographic analysis using the Interface de R pour Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires, Word Cloud technique, and Similitude Analysis. RESULTS: different challenges concerning the COVID-19 pandemic were reported, including the need to promote comprehensive and quality care while being concerned with protecting oneself and others, with an emphasis on fear. A lack of protective equipment, training, diagnostic tests, and knowledge/information concerning the disease was also reported, in addition to a reduced number of nursing workers and a lack of appreciation for the profession. CONCLUSION: managerial guidelines need to be adopted for properly allocating human and material resources in the health field, including the pediatric services, in addition to providing training on standard precautions. Actions to encourage, value, motivate, and support the nursing staff are needed during and after the pandemic to protect the physical and mental health of these professionals.

Children with congenital heart disease in COVID-19 pandemic times: an integrative review

Objective: to identify the scientific production in health about children with congenital heart disease in COVID-19 pandemic times. Method: this is an integrative review, carried out in June 2020 in the information resources Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Scientific Electronic Library Online Journal Portal (SciELO) and Brazilian Institute of Information Science and Technology (Oasis Ibict). Results: 14 studies composed this review. Most studies pointed to tests, interventional procedures and surgery for children with heart disease in pandemic times;others discussed possible complications of COVID-19 among children with congenital heart disease. Conclusion: the incipient production of studies and the weak level of evidence denote an important knowledge gap so far, highlighting the need for studies with strong scientific evidence for the formulation of care guidelines aimed at children with heart disease. Objetivo: identificar la producción científica en el área de la salud sobre niños con cardiopatías congénitas en tiempos de la pandemia del COVID-19. Método: revisión integradora, realizada en junio de 2020 en los recursos de información Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS), National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Portal de Revistas Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO) y Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de la Información (Oasis Ibict). Resultados: 14 estudios componen esta revisión. La mayoría de los estudios apuntaron a pruebas, procedimientos de intervención y cirugía para niños con enfermedades cardíacas en tiempos de pandemia;otros discutieron las posibles complicaciones del COVID-19 entre los niños con cardiopatías congénitas. Conclusión: la incipiente producción de estudios y el débil nivel de evidencia denotan un importante vacío de conocimiento hasta el momento, destacando la necesidad de estudios con fuerte evidencia científica para la formulación de guías de atención dirigidas a niños con cardiopatías. Objetivo: identificar a produção científica da área da saúde acerca da criança com cardiopatia congênita em tempos de pandemia de COVID-19. Método: revisão integrativa, realizada em junho de 2020 nos recursos informacionais Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Portal de Revistas Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO) e Instituto Brasileiro de Informação Ciência e Tecnologia (Oasis Ibict). Resultados: 14 estudos compuseram esta revisão. A maioria dos estudos apontava para a realização de exames, procedimentos intervencionistas e cirurgia da criança cardiopata em tempos de pandemia;outros teceram considerações sobre possíveis complicações da COVID-19 entre crianças com cardiopatia congênita. Conclusão: a incipiente produção de estudos e o fraco nível de evidência denotam importante lacuna de conhecimento até o momento, ressaltando a necessidade de estudos com forte evidência científica para a formulação de diretrizes assistenciais voltadas à criança cardiopata.